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DUI Laws in Montana (DUI)

Montana uses the term "DUI" for impaired driving offenses. The standard BAC limit is 0.08%. The lookback period is Lifetime. 4th offense (felony. Below are the full details of Montana's DUI laws and penalties.

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Overview

Montana takes an increasingly tough stance on impaired driving, with penalties that escalate sharply after a first offense. The state uses a lifetime lookback period, meaning any prior DUI conviction — no matter how old — counts toward enhancing future penalties. Montana is one of few states that treats a fourth DUI as a felony regardless of time elapsed. A 24/7 sobriety monitoring program and mandatory alcohol treatment are central features of the state's approach to repeat offenders.

Official term: DUI

BAC Limits

Driver TypeBAC Limit
Standard (21+)0.08%
Commercial (CDL)0.04%
Under 210.02%
Enhanced PenaltyNo separate enhanced BAC tier; aggravated penalties apply based on other factors such as excessive speed, minor passengers, or prior offenses

Penalties by Offense

OffenseClassificationJail TimeFinesLicense SuspensionIID
1st OffenseMisdemeanorUp to 6 months; a 24-consecutive-hour mandatory minimum (MCA 61-8-1007(1))$600 to $1,000 plus surcharges and assessments (doubled to $1,200–$2,000 with a passenger under 16)6 monthsA judge may grant a restricted probationary license during the suspension with an IID installed; after a second or subsequent DUI, restricted licenses are generally limited to DUI treatment court participants (MCA 61-5-208)
2nd OffenseMisdemeanor7 days to 1 year; mandatory minimum 7 days for an under-the-influence conviction — the per se 0.08% count carries a 5-day minimum — and it cannot be suspended (MCA 61-8-1007(1)-(2))$1,200 to $2,000 plus surcharges ($2,400–$4,000 with a passenger under 16)1 yearAn IID is required on any restricted/probationary license; after a second DUI, a probationary license is generally available only through DUI treatment court participation
3rd OffenseMisdemeanor30 days to 1 year; mandatory minimum 30 days (cannot be suspended)$2,500 to $5,000 plus surcharges ($5,000–$10,000 with a passenger under 16)1 yearAn IID is required on any restricted/probationary license; probationary licenses after a third DUI are generally limited to DUI treatment court participants
FelonyFelonyFirst felony DUI (4th offense): 13 months to 2 years plus a suspended consecutive 5-year prison term, or up to 5 years in a treatment court program (MCA 61-8-1008(1)). Later felony DUIs escalate: up to 10 years, then up to 25 years, then a non-suspendable 5-to-25-year term (61-8-1008(2)-(4))$5,000 to $10,000 plus surcharges1 year; must complete treatment and IID requirements before reinstatementProbation conditions after a felony sentence include ignition interlock use, abstinence, random testing, and aftercare (MCA 61-8-1008(1)(b))

Felony threshold: 4th offense (felony, MCA 61-8-1008; lifetime lookback — all prior DUI convictions count regardless of when they occurred). Lookback period: Lifetime — all prior DUI convictions count toward enhancement regardless of when they occurred.

Additional Penalty Details

OffenseCommunity ServiceProbationDUI School
1st OffenseUp to 40 hours at court's discretionUp to 6 months; typically includes chemical dependency assessmentMandatory alcohol education course (ACT — Alcohol Course for Treatment) or equivalent approved program
2nd OffenseUp to 80 hours at court's discretionUp to 1 year; chemical dependency treatment requiredMandatory chemical dependency treatment program
3rd OffenseUp to 120 hours at court's discretionUp to 1 year; intensive chemical dependency treatment requiredMandatory chemical dependency treatment; may include residential treatment
FelonyAt court's discretionUp to the remainder of the sentence; chemical dependency treatment mandatoryMandatory chemical dependency treatment; residential treatment likely required

Implied Consent Law

Under Montana's implied consent law (MCA § 61-8-1016), any person operating a vehicle on Montana roads is deemed to have consented to a test of blood, breath, or urine for alcohol or drugs when requested by law enforcement with reasonable cause.

Refusal penalties: First refusal: 6-month license suspension. Second or subsequent refusal: 1-year license suspension. The refusal can be used as evidence against the driver in court and bars any restricted probationary license during the suspension (MCA 61-8-1032(2)(f)).

Aggravating Factors

FactorImpact
Minor passenger under age 16Moves you to the doubled penalty tier — first offense becomes 48 hours to 1 year and $1,200–$2,000; second becomes a 14-day minimum and $2,400–$4,000; third becomes a 60-day minimum and $5,000–$10,000 (MCA 61-8-1007(1))
BAC of 0.16% or higherAggravated DUI — punished on a separate aggravated tier (first offense: 2-day mandatory minimum and $1,000 minimum fine; MCA 61-8-1007(4), definition in 61-8-1001)
Excessive speed (20+ mph over limit)Additional reckless driving charges; increased jail time and fines
Driving on a suspended or revoked licenseSeparate misdemeanor charge; additional 6 months to 2 years jail and extended license revocation
Causing bodily injury or deathUpgraded to vehicular assault (felony) or negligent vehicular homicide with up to 30 years imprisonment
Refusal to submit to chemical testingAutomatic license suspension and refusal admitted as evidence at trial

DUI with Injury

Classification: Felony — Vehicular Assault While Under the Influence (MCA § 45-5-106)

Up to 5 years in state prison and/or up to $10,000 in fines for vehicular assault. Negligent vehicular homicide (MCA § 45-5-104) while intoxicated carries up to 30 years imprisonment and up to $50,000 in fines. Restitution to victims is mandatory.

Underage DUI

Zero tolerance: Yes
BAC limit: 0.02%

Drivers under 21 with BAC of 0.02% to 0.07% face a 90-day license suspension for a first offense, 6 months for a second, and 1 year for a third or subsequent (MCA 61-8-1007(3)). BAC of 0.08% or higher subjects the underage driver to the same adult DUI penalties. Alcohol education course is mandatory for all underage offenses.

Diversion Programs

Program: Deferred Prosecution / Treatment Court (DUI Court)

Montana offers DUI Treatment Courts in several judicial districts as an alternative to traditional sentencing. Participants undergo intensive supervision, regular drug and alcohol testing, mandatory treatment, and court appearances over 12 to 18 months. The state also allows deferred imposition of sentence for first-time offenders at the judge's discretion.

Eligibility: DUI Treatment Courts generally target repeat offenders with substance use disorders. Deferred imposition of sentence is typically available only for first-time DUI offenders with no aggravating factors. Eligibility varies by judicial district.

How Long a DUI Stays on Your Record

A DUI conviction remains on your Montana criminal record permanently unless expunged. On your driving record, DUI convictions are maintained by MVD for at least 5 years for point purposes but remain visible indefinitely. Montana does not have a general DUI expungement statute, though deferred sentences that are successfully completed may be dismissed and eligible for limited record restriction.

Key Statutes

MCA § 61-8-1002
Driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs — main DUI statute
MCA § 61-8-1016
Implied consent to testing for alcohol or drugs
MCA § 61-8-1007
Penalty for first through third DUI offense, including aggravated-DUI tiers
MCA § 61-8-1008
Penalty for fourth or subsequent DUI offense (felony)
MCA § 61-5-208
License suspension upon DUI conviction; restricted probationary licenses
MCA § 45-5-106
Vehicular assault while under the influence
MCA § 45-5-104
Negligent vehicular homicide

Frequently Asked Questions

How long does a DUI stay on your record in Montana?
A DUI conviction remains on your Montana criminal record permanently. There is no automatic expungement for DUI convictions. However, if you received a deferred imposition of sentence and successfully completed all conditions, the charge may be dismissed and you may petition for record limitation. On your driving record, a DUI remains visible to law enforcement indefinitely and is used in the lifetime lookback calculation for repeat offenses.
Is a first DUI a felony in Montana?
No, a first DUI in Montana is a misdemeanor carrying up to 6 months in jail and up to $1,000 in fines. However, if the DUI involves serious bodily injury or death, it can be charged as a felony (vehicular assault or negligent vehicular homicide) even on a first offense.
What happens if you refuse a breathalyzer in Montana?
Under Montana's implied consent law, refusing a breath, blood, or urine test results in an automatic 6-month license suspension for a first refusal and a 1-year suspension for subsequent refusals. The refusal can also be introduced as evidence against you in court. You still may be charged with DUI based on other evidence such as field sobriety tests and officer observations.
How many DUIs is a felony in Montana?
A fourth DUI offense is a felony in Montana. Montana uses a lifetime lookback period, meaning all prior DUI convictions — regardless of how long ago they occurred — count toward this threshold. A first felony DUI carries 13 months to 2 years plus a suspended 5-year term (or up to 5 years in a treatment court program) and fines of $5,000 to $10,000; later felony DUIs escalate to longer prison terms (MCA 61-8-1008).
Can you get a restricted license after a DUI in Montana?
A judge may grant a probationary (restricted) license for a first offense with an ignition interlock device (IID) installed. After a second or subsequent DUI, a probationary license is generally available only if you participate in DUI treatment court, and refusing the chemical test bars a restricted license entirely (MCA 61-5-208, 61-8-1032). You must also carry proof of financial responsibility (SR-22 insurance).
What is Montana's 24/7 Sobriety Program?
Montana's 24/7 Sobriety Program requires DUI offenders to submit to twice-daily alcohol testing (breath tests) or wear a continuous alcohol monitoring bracelet. The program is often a condition of bail, probation, or participation in DUI Court. It aims to ensure sobriety and reduce repeat offenses. Failure to appear for a test or testing positive results in immediate short-term jail sanctions.
Do I need an SR-22 after a DUI in Montana?
Yes, Montana requires an SR-22 certificate of financial responsibility for 3 years following a DUI conviction before your license can be reinstated. Your auto insurance company files the SR-22 on your behalf. If your policy lapses during the SR-22 period, your license will be suspended again.
Can a DUI be expunged in Montana?
Montana has very limited expungement options for DUI convictions. A standard DUI conviction cannot be expunged. However, if you received a deferred imposition of sentence and completed all probation conditions, the case may be dismissed. After dismissal, you can petition for records to be sealed under Montana's record limitation statute. This process does not apply to felony DUI convictions.

Related Guide

DUI license recovery in Montana→

Step-by-step guide to getting your license back after a DUI in Montana — suspension periods, IID requirements, SR-22 insurance, reinstatement fees, and process.

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Disclaimer: This is informational only, not legal advice. DUI laws change frequently. Verify current requirements with Montana's statutes or consult a qualified DUI attorney in Montana.