CDL Training Programs

Since February 7, 2022, the FMCSA requires all new CDL applicants to complete Entry-Level Driver Training (ELDT) before taking the CDL skills test. ELDT is required if you are applying for a Class A or Class B CDL for the first time, upgrading from Class B to Class A, or adding hazardous materials (H), passenger (P), or school bus (S) endorsements. ELDT includes both theory instruction (classroom or online, typically 30+ hours) and behind-the-wheel training (must be in-person with an approved provider). The theory portion can be completed online for as little as $69-$99 through approved online schools. The behind-the-wheel portion must be done at an FMCSA-registered training provider. Your training provider must be listed on the FMCSA Training Provider Registry (TPR) at tpr.fmcsa.dot.gov.

The FMCSA does not have a blanket ban on felons holding a CDL. However, certain felonies result in disqualification. Lifetime disqualification applies if you used a commercial motor vehicle in the commission of a felony involving the manufacture, distribution, or dispensing of a controlled substance. Other felonies that can result in disqualification (often temporary) include extortion, bribery, arson, kidnapping, assault with intent to murder, and treason -- but only if committed in a commercial motor vehicle. DUI/DWI offenses (even in a personal vehicle) result in a one-year CDL disqualification for the first offense and lifetime disqualification for the second. Each state may also impose additional restrictions. Contact your state DMV for specific information about your situation.

Many trucking companies hire drivers with criminal records, but policies vary. Companies that are generally more open to hiring drivers with records include Schneider, Werner, CRST, USA Truck, PAM Transport, and Western Express, among others. Most companies have specific policies about the type and age of conviction -- many require that felonies be at least 5-10 years old. DUI convictions are typically more restrictive in trucking than other felonies for obvious safety reasons. Company-sponsored CDL programs may have different background check requirements than their general hiring. Be upfront about your record when applying -- dishonesty is usually an automatic disqualification. Some companies specifically target second-chance hiring as part of their recruitment strategy.

The Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (WIOA) provides grants through local American Job Centers that can pay for CDL training. CDL programs are one of the most commonly funded WIOA training programs because of high demand, good wages, and short training time. To access WIOA funding, visit your local American Job Center (find yours at careeronestop.org or call 1-877-872-5627). A case manager will evaluate your eligibility and help you apply for training funds. Your CDL school must be on your state's Eligible Training Provider List (ETPL) to qualify for WIOA funding. There is no income requirement for dislocated workers. Adult program eligibility is generally based on income. The process may take a few weeks, so start early.

Class A CDL allows you to drive tractor-trailers and combination vehicles over 26,001 lbs -- this is what most long-haul trucking jobs require and pays the most. Class B CDL allows you to drive single vehicles over 26,001 lbs such as buses, dump trucks, and delivery trucks -- good for local driving jobs. Class C CDL is for vehicles designed to transport 16+ passengers or hazardous materials. Endorsements add capabilities to your CDL: H (Hazmat) for hazardous materials, T (Doubles/Triples) for pulling multiple trailers, P (Passenger) for buses, N (Tank Vehicle) for tankers, S (School Bus), and X (combination of H and N). The Hazmat endorsement requires a TSA background check, which may disqualify individuals with certain criminal convictions.

A typical full-time CDL training program takes 4-8 weeks. The first 2-3 weeks focus on classroom instruction covering FMCSA regulations, vehicle inspection procedures, trip planning, and basic operation. The remaining weeks are behind-the-wheel training including straight-line backing, offset backing, parallel parking, coupling/uncoupling, and road driving. You will need to pass the CDL skills test, which includes a pre-trip vehicle inspection test, a basic controls test (backing maneuvers), and a road test. Before starting training, you need a CDL learner's permit from your state DMV, which requires passing a written knowledge test. You also need a DOT medical card from an approved medical examiner (costs $50-$150).